Jane Jacobs - The Death And Life Of Great American Cities

JANE JACOBS THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIESJane Jacobs 1961 work The devastation and Life of big American Cities examines the problems with post-World War II urban planning and argue that cities should embrace ocular and kindly mixed bag , moveion , and mixed uses in neighborhoods . She aims her most pointed criticisms at the dark urban renewal projects of the 1950s and `60s , which she argues disrupted neighborhood fabrics and worsened urban conditions instead of improving themQUESTION ONEJacobs argues that great cities require essential disembodied spirit beyond simply neighborhoods and take a to a great extent holistic approach , with dependable streets clear delineations amid cosmos and private spaces , sm either blocks , and get-go-rise buildings from which the sidewalks are easily visible(a) . Great urban environments literally start with the streets and sidewalks , where peck interact with twain one a nonher throughout the day and the strengthened environment . Vital cities need and should encourage amicable interactions , build a variety of uses (residential and mercenary should have spaces that allow much(prenominal) interaction ( resembling safe streets and parks , and should embrace a stage of social and visual diversity . She also maintains that cities do not need to be decentralized or redistributed , as planners of the time were doing , and that planners essential heed cities social and physical realities quite an than imposing theories . urban renewal projects frequently fail because they are too cock-a-hoop in scale , lack respective(a) amenities (many were mostly commercial projects for example , and were homogeneous spaces where social interaction did not frequently occur throughout the dayQUESTION TWOForms of social interaction (other than those created by general spaces like social! organizations and residential classes support because they unite the great unwashed from different backgrounds and neighborhoods , and heathenish organizations help assimilate and include newcomers , who often find urban emotional state isolating and estrange . They need to transcend neighborhood and ethnic boundaries , as Jacobs says , [City] people are mobile . [and] are not stuck with the provincialism of a neighborhood , any why should they be ? Isn t wide superior and rich opportunity the point of cities (Jacobs 116 ) isolation , Jacobs claims , is bad for cities because it contributes more(prenominal)(prenominal) to crime and slum development than low income aloneQUESTION THREEJacobs believes that post-World War II urban planners had good intentions but employ inappropriate methods of traffic with cities , often because they adhered to theories instead of examining cities realities which often contradicted the theories and principles they utilize . In improve r , she claims they had an innate fear and disdain for cities favoring suburbs (much like the federal establishment did , with highway construction and the FHA s suburban twine ) and applying methods to cities that overlooked the conditions unavoidable for social interaction and public rubber eraser . Planners often embraced urban renewal projects such as high-rise housing projects and immense commercial complexes , which failed because their size discouraged smooth monitoring of the sidewalks and streets , did not generate sufficient pedestrian handicraft at all times of day , lacked a proportionateness of amenities with residences , and promoted more danger and less use than...If you hope to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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